Which statement best defines evidence-based practice?

• A. Integration of research with clinical expertise alone
• B. Using only the most recent research studies
• C. Relying solely on institutional policies without clinician input
• D. Integration of research with clinical expertise along with the patients unique circumstances

Answer: (D)

Evidence-based practice blends the best available research with clinical expertise and the patient’s own circumstances. The statement that includes all three elements—high-quality research evidence, the clinician’s experience and judgment, and the patient’s unique values and situation—best captures what EBP means in real-world care. Relying on clinical expertise alone ignores solid research; using only the most recent studies ignores the clinician’s practical experience and how to apply findings in a given setting; and relying solely on institutional policies without clinician input neglects both professional judgment and individual patient factors. In practice, decisions are made by integrating current, relevant evidence with professional know-how and tailoring choices to the patient’s goals, preferences, and circumstances.